OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Conjecture: (i) There are infinitely many distinct primes p,q,r such that pi(p^2+q^2) = r^2.
(ii) The Diophantine equation pi(x^3+y^3) = z^3 with 0 < x <= y and z > 0 only has the following 13 solutions: (x,y,z) = (1,1,1), (5,41,19), (47,56,29), (28,74,33), (2,103,44), (3,103,44), (6,157,65), (235,384,160), (266,491,198), (91,537,206), (359,868,331), (783,1490,565), (1192,1710,677).
(iii) The Diophantine equation pi(x^n+y^n) = z^n with n > 3 and x,y,z > 0 has no solution.
Part (ii) of the conjecture implies that the current sequence only has 12 terms as shown here.
Conjecture (ii) is false as there are more terms beyond 1710. It is likely the sequence has an infinite number of terms. (x,y,z) for 1710 < y <= 7564: (1429, 4322, 1514), (1974, 4523, 1604), (3361, 4877, 1840), (3992, 4942, 1949), (3253, 5147, 1902), (971, 5407, 1859), (935, 7564, 2563). - Chai Wah Wu, Apr 12 2021
Solutions (x,y,z) for 7564 < y <= 67722: (3484, 17576, 5783), (25184, 67722, 21604). - Chai Wah Wu, Apr 17 2021
Solutions (x,y,z) for 67722 < y <= 625611: (61021, 131455, 41715), (93577, 220641, 68507), (394510, 438895, 155930), (3086, 443475, 131933), (338485, 553878, 175133), (239982, 571473, 172855), (610794, 625611, 228409). - Chai Wah Wu, Apr 26 2021
REFERENCES
Zhi-Wei Sun, Problems on combinatorial properties of primes, in: M. Kaneko, S. Kanemitsu and J. Liu (eds.), Number Theory: Plowing and Starring through High Wave Forms, Proc. 7th China-Japan Seminar (Fukuoka, Oct. 28 - Nov. 1, 2013), Ser. Number Theory Appl., Vol. 11, World Sci., Singapore, 2015, pp. 169-187.
LINKS
Zhi-Wei Sun, Problems on combinatorial properties of primes, arXiv:1402.6641 [math.NT], 2014.
EXAMPLE
a(2) = 41 since pi(5^3+41^3) = pi(125+68921) = pi(69046) = 6859 = 19^3.
MATHEMATICA
f[x_, y_]:=PrimePi[x^3+y^3]
CQ[n_]:=IntegerQ[n^(1/3)]
n=0; Do[Do[If[CQ[f[x, y]], n=n+1; Print[n, " ", y]; Goto[aa]], {x, 1, y}]; Label[aa]; Continue, {y, 1, 1800}]
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,more,hard
AUTHOR
Zhi-Wei Sun, Sep 28 2015
EXTENSIONS
a(13)-a(19) from Chai Wah Wu, Apr 12 2021
a(20)-a(21) from Chai Wah Wu, Apr 17 2021
a(22)-a(28) from Chai Wah Wu, Apr 26 2021
STATUS
approved