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A256119
Least number p that is zero or an odd prime, such that n - p is a generalized pentagonal number.
2
0, 0, 0, 3, 3, 0, 5, 0, 3, 7, 3, 11, 0, 11, 7, 0, 11, 5, 3, 7, 5, 19, 0, 11, 17, 3, 0, 5, 13, 3, 23, 5, 17, 7, 19, 0, 29, 11, 3, 13, 0, 19, 7, 3, 29, 5, 11, 7, 13, 23, 43, 0, 17, 13, 3, 29, 5, 0, 7, 19, 3, 59, 5, 23, 7, 43, 31, 41, 11, 29, 0, 31, 37, 3, 17, 5, 19, 0, 43, 53, 3, 11, 5, 13, 7, 59, 29, 17, 11, 19, 13, 79, 0, 23, 17, 3, 19, 5, 41, 7, 0
OFFSET
0,4
COMMENTS
By the conjecture in A256071, a(n) always exists.
EXAMPLE
a(21) = 19 since 21 is not a generalized pentagonal number, and 19 is the least odd prime p with 21 - p a generalized pentagonal number.
a(26) = 0 since 26 = (-4)*(3*(-4)-1)/2 is a generalized pentagonal number.
MATHEMATICA
Pen[n_]:=IntegerQ[Sqrt[24n+1]]
Do[If[Pen[n], Print[n, " ", 0]; Goto[aa]]; Do[If[Pen[n-Prime[k]], Print[n, " ", Prime[k]]; Goto[aa]], {k, 2, PrimePi[n]}]; Label[aa]; Continue, {n, 0, 100}]
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Zhi-Wei Sun, Mar 15 2015
STATUS
approved