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Least m > 0 such that gcd(m^(2n+1)+2, (m+1)^(2n+1)+2) > 1.
19

%I #26 May 09 2024 02:50:14

%S 51,40333,434,16,1234,78607,8310,817172,473,116,22650,736546059,22,

%T 1080982,252,7809,644,1786225573

%N Least m > 0 such that gcd(m^(2n+1)+2, (m+1)^(2n+1)+2) > 1.

%C For n=0 one has gcd(m+2, m+3) = 1 for any m.

%C See A255852 for the sequence including also even exponents, for which the GCD is > 1 already for m=1 (because gcd(1^2k+2, 2^2k+2) = gcd(3, 2^2k-1) = gcd(3, 4^k-1) = 3), and also for m=4 (because gcd(4^2k+2, 5^2k+2) = gcd(4^2k+2, (5^k-4^k)(5^k+4^k)) >= 3), etc.

%C a(21) = 3585, a(22) = 5, a(25) = 16, a(28) = 22, a(29) = 4495, a(31) = 1291, a(32) = 108, a(33) = 220, a(34) = 218039, a(35) = 2112. - _Chai Wah Wu_, May 08 2024

%F a(n) = A255852(2n+1).

%t A255832[n_] := Module[{m = 1}, While[GCD[m^(2 n + 1) + 2, (m + 1)^(2 n + 1) + 2] <= 1, m++]; m]; Table[A255832[n], {n, 1, 10}] (* _Robert Price_, Oct 15 2018 *)

%o (PARI) a(n,c=2,L=10^6)={n=n*2+1;for(a=1,L,gcd(a^n+c,(a+1)^n+c)>1&&return(n))}

%o (Python)

%o from sympy import primefactors, resultant, nthroot_mod

%o from sympy.abc import x

%o def A255832(n):

%o k, t = 0, (n<<1)+1

%o for p in primefactors(resultant(x**t+2,(x+1)**t+2)):

%o for d in (a for a in nthroot_mod(-2,t,p,all_roots=True) if pow(a+1,t,p)==-2%p):

%o k = min(d,k) if k else d

%o return k # _Chai Wah Wu_, May 07 2024

%Y Cf. A118119, A255853, A255853, ... for other variants, corresponding to different constant offsets (+1, +3, ...) in the arguments of gcd.

%K nonn,more,hard

%O 1,1

%A _M. F. Hasler_, Mar 08 2015

%E a(12)-a(18) from _Max Alekseyev_, Aug 06 2015