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%I #38 Sep 11 2022 00:48:57
%S 3,5,3,2,3,1,1,3,3,2,2,1,1,3,3,2,2,1,1,3,2,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,2,
%T 3,1,1,3,3,2,2,1,1,5,2,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,2,3,1,1,2,
%U 2,2,2,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,3,2,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2
%N Smallest m such that the first odd number after n^m is composite.
%C The locution "first odd number after n^m" means n^m+1 for even n and n^m+2 for odd n.
%C The first few records in this sequence are a(2)=3, a(3)=5, a(909)=6, a(4995825)=7. No higher value was found up to 5500000 (see also A245510). It is not clear whether a(n) is bounded.
%C From _Jeppe Stig Nielsen_, Sep 09 2022: (Start)
%C When n is odd, consider the numbers n+2, n^2+2, n^3+2, n^4+2, ... Then find the first term which is composite, and a(n) is the exponent of that term.
%C When n is even, consider the numbers n+1, n^2+1, n^3+1. Then a(n) is the exponent from the first term which is composite. For n even, we have a(n) <= 3, because n^3+1 = (n+1)(n^2-n+1) is always composite. (End)
%H Stanislav Sykora, <a href="/A245509/b245509.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..10000</a>
%e a(2)=3 because, for k=1,2,3,..., the first odd numbers after 2^k are 3, 5, 9,... and the first one which is not prime corresponds to k=3.
%e a(3)=5 because the first odd numbers following 3^k are 5, 11, 29, 83, 245, ... and the first one which is not prime corresponds to k=5.
%e a(7)=1 because the odd number following 7^1 is 9, which is not prime.
%t a245509[n_Integer] := Catch[
%t Do[
%t If[CompositeQ[n^m + 1 + If[OddQ[n], 1, 0]]
%t == True, Throw[m]],
%t {m, 100}]
%t ]; Map[a245509,
%t Range[2, 10000]] (* _Michael De Vlieger_, Aug 03 2014 *)
%t f[n_] := Block[{d = If[ OddQ@ n, 2, 1], m = 1, t}, While[t = n^m + d; EvenQ@ t || PrimeQ@ t, m++]; m]; Array[f, 105, 2] (* _Robert G. Wilson v_, Aug 04 2014 *)
%o (PARI) avector(nmax)={my(n,k,d=2,v=vector(nmax));for(n=2,#v+1,d=3-d;k=1;while(1,if(!isprime(n^k+d),v[n-1]=k;break,k++)););return(v);}
%o a=avector(10000) \\ For nmax=6000000 runs out of 1GB memory
%Y Cf. A245510, A245511, A245512, A245513, A245514.
%K nonn
%O 2,1
%A _Stanislav Sykora_, Jul 24 2014
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