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A212953
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Minimal order of degree-n irreducible polynomials over GF(2).
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6
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1, 3, 7, 5, 31, 9, 127, 17, 73, 11, 23, 13, 8191, 43, 151, 257, 131071, 19, 524287, 25, 49, 69, 47, 119, 601, 2731, 262657, 29, 233, 77, 2147483647, 65537, 161, 43691, 71, 37, 223, 174763, 79, 187, 13367, 147, 431, 115, 631, 141, 2351, 97, 4432676798593, 251
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OFFSET
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1,2
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COMMENTS
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For n > 1; n < a(n) < 2^n, wherein a(n) = n+1 iff n+1 is A001122 a prime with primitive root 2, or a(n) = 2^n-1 iff n is a Mersenne exponent A000043. - Thomas Ordowski, Feb 08 2014
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REFERENCES
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W. Narkiewicz, Elementary and Analytic Theory of Algebraic Numbers, Springer 2004, Third Edition, 4.3 Factorization of Prime Ideals in Extensions. More About the Class Group (Theorem 4.33), 4.4 Notes to Chapter 4 (Theorem 4.40). - Regarding the first comment.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = min(M(n)) with M(n) = {d : d|(2^n-1)} \ U(n-1) and U(n) = M(n) union U(n-1) for n>0, U(0) = {}.
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EXAMPLE
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For n=4 the degree-4 irreducible polynomials p over GF(2) are 1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4, 1+x+x^4, 1+x^3+x^4. Their orders (i.e., the smallest integer e for which p divides x^e+1) are 5, 15, 15. (Example: (1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4) * (1+x) == x^5+1 (mod 2)). Thus the minimal order is 5 and a(4) = 5.
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MAPLE
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with(numtheory):
M:= proc(n) option remember;
divisors(2^n-1) minus U(n-1)
end:
U:= proc(n) option remember;
`if`(n=0, {}, M(n) union U(n-1))
end:
a:= n-> min(M(n)[]):
seq(a(n), n=1..50);
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MATHEMATICA
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M[n_] := M[n] = Divisors[2^n-1] ~Complement~ U[n-1];
U[n_] := U[n] = If[n == 0, {}, M[n] ~Union~ U[n-1]];
a[n_] := Min[M[n]];
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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