OFFSET
0,3
COMMENTS
Compare to the partial theta series identity:
Sum_{n>=0} x^(n^2) = Sum_{n>=0} x^n * Product_{k=1..n} (1-x^(4*k-3))/(1-x^(4*k-1)).
LINKS
Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..400
FORMULA
E.g.f.: Sum_{n>=0} x^n*exp(n*x) * Product_{k=1..n} (1 - x^(4*k-3)*exp((4*k-3)*x))/(1 - x^(4*k-1)*exp((4*k-1)*x)).
Let q = x*exp(x), then the e.g.f. equals the continued fraction:
A(x) = 1/(1- q/(1- q*(q^2-1)/(1- q^5/(1- q^3*(q^4-1)/(1- q^9/(1- q^5*(q^6-1)/(1- q^13/(1- q^7*(q^8-1)/(1- ...))))))))), due to a partial elliptic theta function identity.
EXAMPLE
G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x + 2*x^2/2! + 3*x^3/3! + 28*x^4/4! + 485*x^5/5! +...
where the e.g.f. is defined by:
A(x) = 1 + x*exp(x) + x^4*exp(4*x) + x^9*exp(9*x) + x^16*exp(16*x) +...
Let q = x*exp(x), then the e.g.f. also equals the q-series:
A(x) = 1 + q*(1-q)/(1-q^3) + q^2*(1-q)*(1-q^5)/((1-q^3)*(1-q^7)) + q^3*(1-q)*(1-q^5)*(1-q^9)/((1-q^3)*(1-q^7)*(1-q^11)) +...
PROG
(PARI) {a(n)=n!*polcoeff(sum(m=0, sqrtint(n+1), x^(m^2)*exp(m^2*x+x*O(x^n))), n)}
(PARI) {a(n)=local(X=x+x*O(x^n)); n!*polcoeff(1+sum(m=1, n+1, x^m*exp(m*X)*prod(k=1, m, (1 - x^(4*k-3)*exp((4*k-3)*X))/(1 - x^(4*k-1)*exp((4*k-1)*X))) ), n)}
for(n=0, 35, print1(a(n), ", "))
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Paul D. Hanna, Feb 09 2012
STATUS
approved