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Consider the weighted Farey tree A177405/A177407; a(n) = row at which the denominator 2n+1 first appears (assumes first row is labeled row 0).
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%I #27 Sep 21 2017 09:03:23

%S 0,1,2,2,2,3,3,4,3,3,4,4,4,3,4,4,5,5,5,5,4,4,5,4,5,6,4,4,6,5,6,5,5,5,

%T 5,5,5,5,5,5,4,5,6,7,6,6,6,6,6,5,6,5,6,6,6,6,5,6,7,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,5,6,

%U 5,7,7,6,6,7,7,6,7,6,6,6,5,5,7,6,6,6,7,7,7,6,6,6,7,7,6,7,7,7,6,7,7

%N Consider the weighted Farey tree A177405/A177407; a(n) = row at which the denominator 2n+1 first appears (assumes first row is labeled row 0).

%C Latest occurrences of odd denominators 1,3,5,7,...,29: 0,1,3,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 (The glitch in the third term reflects the fact that 2/5 and 3/5 don't show up until the 3rd iteration; whereas for n>2, it appears that the last fraction with denominator 2n+1 to show up is 1/(2n+1), and that this fraction shows up after exactly n iterations.) - James Propp

%D Based on postings by Richard C. Schroeppel and James Propp to the Math Fun Mailing List, Dec 15 2010.

%t Denom[L_, k_] :=

%t Module[{M, i}, M = {};

%t For[i = 1, i <= Length[L], i++,

%t If[Denominator[L[[i]]] == k, M = Append[M, L[[i]]]]]; Return[M]]

%t Earliest[k_] :=

%t Module[{i}, For[i = 1, Length[Denom[WF[i], k]] == 0, i++]; Return[i]]

%t Latest[k_] :=

%t Module[{i}, For[i = 1, Length[Denom[WF[i], k]] < EulerPhi[k], i++];

%t Return[i]]

%t Table[Earliest[2 n + 1], {n, 1, 100}]

%t (* _James Propp_ *)

%Y Cf. A177405, A177407. See A178042 for another version. Cf. also A178031.

%K nonn

%O 0,3

%A _N. J. A. Sloane_, Dec 15 2010