A129155 Number of skew Dyck paths of semilength n that have no primitive Dyck factors.

1, 0, 1, 4, 15, 59, 241, 1011, 4326, 18797, 82685, 367410, 1646494, 7432270, 33761322, 154213566, 707882503, 3263713148, 15107319268, 70182332975, 327111450097, 1529226524057, 7168880978609, 33693179852563

Offset

0,4

Comments

A skew Dyck path is a path in the first quadrant which begins at the origin, ends on the x-axis, consists of steps U=(1,1)(up), D=(1,-1)(down) and L=(-1,-1)(left) so that up and left steps do not overlap. The length of the path is defined to be the number of its steps. A primitive Dyck factor is a subpath of the form UPD that starts on the x-axis, P being a Dyck path.

Links

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

E. Deutsch, E. Munarini, S. Rinaldi, Skew Dyck paths, J. Stat. Plann. Infer. 140 (8) (2010) 2191-2203

Formula

a(n) = A129154(n,0).

G.f.: (3-3*z-sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2))/(2+z-sqrt(1-4*z)+sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2)).

a(n) ~ (475 + 697*sqrt(5)) * 5^n / (3364*sqrt(Pi)*n^(3/2)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 20 2014

Example

a(3)=4 because we have UUUDLD, UUDUDL, UUUDDL and UUUDLL.

Maple

G:=(3-3*z-sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2))/(2+z-sqrt(1-4*z)+sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2)): Gser:=series(G, z=0, 32): seq(coeff(Gser, z, n), n=0..28);

Mathematica

CoefficientList[Series[(3-3*x-Sqrt[1-6*x+5*x^2])/(2+x-Sqrt[1-4*x]+Sqrt[1-6*x+5*x^2]), {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 20 2014 *)

Prog

(PARI) z='z+O('z^50); Vec((3-3*z-sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2))/(2+z-sqrt(1-4*z)+sqrt(1-6*z+5*z^2))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Mar 20 2017

Crossrefs

Cf. A129154, A129157.

Sequence in context: A017951 A326212 A199210 * A219312 A271752 A291244

Adjacent sequences: A129152 A129153 A129154 * A129156 A129157 A129158

Keyword

nonn

Author

Emeric Deutsch, Apr 02 2007

Status

approved