OFFSET
1,3
REFERENCES
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, p. 106, 1994.
M. J. Kenney, "Student Math Notes." NCTM News Bulletin. Nov. 1986.
LINKS
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Triangle.
FORMULA
T(n,1) = 1 for all natural numbers n. For n>1 and 1<k<n we have T(n,k) = min{j such that j<>T(n,i) for i<k and j<>T(r,s) for r<n and for all i<j we have T(i,j) + T(i,j-1) is in A001358).
EXAMPLE
The n-th row is of length n. Each value is the smallest previously unused natural number such that every pair of adjacent values in the triangle is semiprime (A001358).
Consider row 2. Starting with T(1,2) = 1, the least integer we can add to 1 and get a semiprime is 3, since 1 + 3 = 4 = 2^2 is semiprime. Consider row 3. Starting with T(1,3) = 1, the least integer we can add to 1 and get a semiprime is 1, but we've already used that. The next is 3, but we've used that. The least unused integer that works is 5, since 1 + 5 = 6 = 2 * 3 is semiprime. If we cross out ones from the triangle read by rows, what remains is a permutation of the natural number greater than 1. That is, every nonnegative integer appears in the triangle. The second column T(n,2) is monotone increasing.
Triangle begins:
1.
1..3.
1..5..4.
1..8..2..7.
1..9..6.15.10.
1.13.12.21.11.22.
1.14.19.16.17.18.20.
1.24.25.26.23.28.27.30.
1.32.33.29.36.38.31.34.35.
1.37.40.42.43.39.46.41.44.47.
1.45.48.58.53.62.49.57.54.61.50
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
AUTHOR
Jonathan Vos Post, Nov 11 2006
STATUS
approved