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A113460
Triangle read by rows: n-th row is the lexicographically earliest arithmetic progression of n numbers all having the same prime signature.
5
1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 7, 5, 11, 17, 23, 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 7, 157, 307, 457, 607, 757, 907, 11, 1210241, 2420471, 3630701, 4840931, 6051161, 7261391, 8471621, 11, 32671181, 65342351, 98013521, 130684691, 163355861, 196027031, 228698201, 261369371
OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Presumably this triangle will differ from that in A130791 after some point. - N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 22 2007
Apart from the initial term, this sequence coincides with A130791 for at least the first 210 rows. - David W. Wilson, Sep 22 2007
EXAMPLE
Triangle begins:
1;
2, 3;
3, 5, 7;
5, 11, 17, 23;
5, 11, 17, 23, 29;
7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157;
...
From M. F. Hasler, Oct 10 2024: (Start)
For row 1, we can take 1, which is the only integer to have prime signature {}.
For row 2, we can't use 1 (no two integers with that prime signature), but primes 2 & 3 are a valid and then also minimal choice.
For row 3, primes {3, 5, 7} are a valid choice and also smallest: we can't use 1, nor 2, for reasons of parity: the next prime would be odd but the third term of the arithmetic progression would then again be even and not prime.
The same reasoning also excludes any higher power 2^m as starting term, which would require the same (m-th) power of odd primes as subsequent terms.
For rows 4 and 5, we can't start with the prime 3, because the 4th term of any arithmetic progression starting with 3 is again divisible by 3. Also 4 = 2^2 is excluded, see above. Thus, 5 is the smallest possible starting term for n = 4 and 5.
For row 6 and 7, we again can't start with a prime < nextprime(6) = 7, because there can't be more than 5 primes in AP starting with 5: the sixth term would always be divisible by 5 again. To start with the even semiprime 6 = 2*3 would require an AP of even semiprimes. Dividing by 2, we would have an AP of 6 primes starting with 3, which is impossible.(*) So, 7 is the smallest possibility.
(* This actually excludes all even semiprimes 2*p between prime(k-1) and prime(k) from being a starting term of a row in that range, because that would yield an AP of >= prime(k-1) primes starting with p < prime(k)/2 < prime(k-1), impossible.)
Rows 8 through 11 can't start with a prime < nextprime(8) = 11, as before. We have also excluded any 2^m and 2*3 as starting value. Starting with 9 = 3^2 would require an AP of squares of primes, but all larger squares of primes have a difference (6k +- 1)^2 - (6m +- 1)^2 divisible by 12, which is not the case for the difference with 3^2 = 9. The even semiprime 10 = 2*5 was also excluded above (*). Therefore, 11 is the smallest possible initial term. And so on. (End)
CROSSREFS
Cf. A113459 (leading terms).
Sequence in context: A084127 A377214 A089934 * A113470 A086786 A211890
KEYWORD
nonn,tabl,changed
AUTHOR
David Wasserman, Jan 08 2006
EXTENSIONS
Erroneous commas in sequence deleted by N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 22 2007
STATUS
approved