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A103377
a(1)=a(2)=...=a(10)=1, a(n)=a(n-9)+a(n-10).
9
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 12, 15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 21, 27, 31, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 33, 38, 48, 58, 63, 64, 64, 64, 64, 65, 71, 86, 106, 121, 127, 128, 128, 128, 129, 136, 157, 192, 227
OFFSET
1,11
COMMENTS
k=9 case of the family of sequences whose k=1 case is the Fibonacci sequence A000045, k=2 case is the Padovan sequence A000931 (offset so as to begin 1,1,1), k=3 case is A079398 (offset so as to begin 1,1,1,1), k=4 case is A103372, k=5 case is A103373, k=6 case is A103374, k=7 case is A103375, k=8 case is A103376, k=10 case is A103378 and k=11 case is A103379. The general case for integer k>1 is defined: a(1) = a(2) = ... = a(k+1)= 1 and for n>(k+1) a(n) = a(n-k) + a(n-[k+1]). For this k=9 case, the ratio of successive terms a(n)/a(n-1) approaches the unique positive root of the characteristic polynomial: x^10 - x - 1 = 0. This is the real constant (to 50 digits accuracy): 1.0757660660868371580595995241652758206925302476392 = A230163. Note that x = (1 + x)^(1/10) = (1 + (1 + (1 + ...)^(1/10))^(1/10))^(1/10). The sequence of prime values in this k=9 case is A103387; The sequence of semiprime values in this k=9 case is A103397.
In analogy to the Fibonacci sequence, one might prefer to start this sequence with offset 0. - M. F. Hasler, Sep 19 2015
REFERENCES
A. J. van Zanten, The golden ratio in the arts of painting, building and mathematics, Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde, vol 17 no 2 (1999) 229-245.
LINKS
J.-P. Allouche and T. Johnson, Narayana's Cows and Delayed Morphisms
J.-P. Allouche and T. Johnson, Narayana's Cows and Delayed Morphisms
E. S. Selmer, On the irreducibility of certain trinomials, Math. Scand., 4 (1956) 291-306
J. Shallit, A generalization of automatic sequences, Theoretical Computer Science, 61(1988)1-16.
FORMULA
a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = a(4) = a(5) = a(6) = a(7) = a(8) = a(9) = a(10) = 1 and for n>10: a(n) = a(n-9) + a(n-10).
O.g.f.: -x*(x^2+x+1)*(x^6+x^3+1)/(-1+x^9+x^10). - R. J. Mathar, May 02 2008
EXAMPLE
a(83) = 257 because a(83) = a(83-9) + a(83-10). a(74) + a(73) = 129 + 128. This sequence has as elements 5, 17 and 257, which are all Fermat Primes.
MATHEMATICA
LinearRecurrence[{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, 90] (* Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 11 2013 *)
PROG
(PARI) Vec((1+x+x^2)*(1+x^3+x^6)/(1-x^9-x^10)+O(x^99)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 11 2013
KEYWORD
easy,nonn
AUTHOR
Jonathan Vos Post, Feb 15 2005
EXTENSIONS
Edited by R. J. Mathar, May 02 2008
Edited by M. F. Hasler, Sep 19 2015
STATUS
approved