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A101479 Triangular matrix T, read by rows, where row n equals row (n-1) of T^(n-1) after appending '1' for the main diagonal. 21
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 19, 9, 3, 1, 1, 191, 70, 18, 4, 1, 1, 2646, 795, 170, 30, 5, 1, 1, 46737, 11961, 2220, 335, 45, 6, 1, 1, 1003150, 224504, 37149, 4984, 581, 63, 7, 1, 1, 25330125, 5051866, 758814, 92652, 9730, 924, 84, 8, 1, 1, 735180292, 132523155 (list; table; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET

0,7

COMMENTS

Remarkably, T equals the product of these triangular matrices: T = A107867*A107862^-1 = A107870*A107867^-1 = A107873*A107870^-1; reversing the order of these products yields triangle A107876.

LINKS

Paul D. Hanna, Rows n=0..30 of flattened triangle.

EXAMPLE

Triangle begins:

1;

1, 1;

1, 1, 1;

3, 2, 1, 1;

19, 9, 3, 1, 1;

191, 70, 18, 4, 1, 1;

2646, 795, 170, 30, 5, 1, 1;

46737, 11961, 2220, 335, 45, 6, 1, 1;

1003150, 224504, 37149, 4984, 581, 63, 7, 1, 1;

25330125, 5051866, 758814, 92652, 9730, 924, 84, 8, 1, 1;

735180292, 132523155, 18301950, 2065146, 199692, 17226, 1380, 108, 9, 1, 1; ...

Row 4 starts with row 3 of T^3 which begins:

1;

3, 1;

6, 3, 1;

19, 9, 3, 1; ...

row 5 starts with row 4 of T^4 which begins:

1;

4, 1;

10, 4, 1;

34, 14, 4, 1;

191, 70, 18, 4, 1; ...

An ALTERNATE GENERATING METHOD is illustrated as follows.

For row 4:

Start with a '1' and append 2 zeros,

take partial sums and append 1 zero,

take partial sums thrice more, resulting in:

1, 0, 0;

1, 1, 1, 0;

1, 2, 3, 3;

1, 3, 6, 9;

1, 4,10,19.

Final non-zero terms form row 4: [19,9,3,1,1].

For row 5:

Start with a '1' and append 3 zeros,

take partial sums and append 2 zeros,

take partial sums and append 1 zero,

take partial sums thrice more, resulting in:

1, 0, 0, 0;

1, 1, 1, 1, 0,  0;

1, 2, 3, 4, 4,  4,  0;

1, 3, 6,10,14, 18, 18;

1, 4,10,20,34, 52, 70;

1, 5,15,35,69,121,191;

where the final non-zero terms form row 5: [191,70,18,4,1,1].

Likewise, for row 6:

1, 0, 0, 0,  0;

1, 1, 1, 1,  1,  0,  0,  0;

1, 2, 3, 4,  5,  5,  5,  5,   0,   0;

1, 3, 6,10, 15, 20, 25, 30,  30,  30,   0;

1, 4,10,20, 35, 55, 80,110, 140, 170, 170;

1, 5,15,35, 70,125,205,315, 455, 625, 795;

1, 6,21,56,126,251,456,771,1226,1851,2646;

where the final non-zero terms form row 6: [2646,795,170,30,5,1,1].

Continuing in this way generates all rows of this triangle.

PROG

(PARI) {T(n, k)=local(A=Mat(1), B); for(m=1, n+1, B=matrix(m, m); for(i=1, m, for(j=1, i, if(j==i, B[i, j]=1, B[i, j]=(A^(i-2))[i-1, j]); )); A=B); return(A[n+1, k+1])}

for(n=0, 10, for(k=0, n, print1(T(n, k), ", ")); print(""))

(PARI) {T(n, k)=local(A=vector(n+1), p); A[1]=1; for(j=1, n-k-1, p=(n-1)*(n-2)/2-(n-j-1)*(n-j-2)/2; A=Vec((Polrev(A)+x*O(x^p))/(1-x))); A=Vec((Polrev(A)+x*O(x^p))/(1-x)); A[p+1]}

CROSSREFS

Columns are A101481, A101482, A101483, row sums form A101484.

Cf. A107876 (dual triangle).

Sequence in context: A092742 A214742 A204124 * A136170 A101221 A137241

Adjacent sequences:  A101476 A101477 A101478 * A101480 A101481 A101482

KEYWORD

nonn,tabl

AUTHOR

Paul D. Hanna, Jan 21 2005, Jul 26 2006, May 27 2007

STATUS

approved

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Last modified May 25 17:12 EDT 2013. Contains 225647 sequences.