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A087056
Difference between 2 * n^2 and the next smaller square number.
11
1, 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 17, 7, 18, 4, 17, 32, 14, 31, 9, 28, 2, 23, 46, 16, 41, 7, 34, 63, 25, 56, 14, 47, 1, 36, 73, 23, 62, 8, 49, 92, 34, 79, 17, 64, 113, 47, 98, 28, 81, 7, 62, 119, 41, 100, 18, 79, 142, 56, 121, 31, 98, 4, 73, 144, 46, 119, 17, 92, 169, 63, 142, 32, 113, 196, 82
OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
The difference x - y between the legs of primitive Pythagorean triangles x^2 + y^2 = z^2 with even y is D(n, m) = n^2 - m^2 - 2*n*m (see A249866 for the restrictions on n and m to have primitive triangles, which are not used here except for 1 < = m <= n-1). Here a(n) is for positive D values the smallest number in row n, namely D(n, floor(n/(1 + sqrt(2)))), for n >= 3. For the smallest value |D| for negative D in row n >= 2 see A087059. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jun 11 2015
FORMULA
a(n) = 2*n^2 - A087055(n) = 2*n^2 - A001951(n)^2 = 2*n^2 - (floor[n*sqrt(2)])^2
a(n) = (n - f(n))^2 - 2*f(n)^2 with f(n) = floor(n/(1 + sqrt(2))), for n >= 1 (the values for n = 1, 2 have here been included). See comment above. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jun 11 2015
EXAMPLE
a(10) = 4 because the difference between 2*10^2 = 200 and the next smaller square number (196) is 4.
PROG
(PARI) a(n) = 2*n^2 - sqrtint(2*n^2)^2; \\ Michel Marcus, Jul 08 2020
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
easy,nonn
AUTHOR
Jens Voß, Aug 07 2003
STATUS
approved