OFFSET
0,1
COMMENTS
Consider a lens-like shape S created by the curves cos(x) and -cos(x) for x in [-Pi/2,Pi/2] and the points A = (u, v), B = (-u, v), C = (-u, -v), D = (u, -v), K = (0, 2v), L = (-2u, 0), M = (0, -2v), N = (2u,0), where u is given by this sequence, and v = u/sqrt(1+u^2). Then ABCD is the rectangle of maximal area, inscribed in S, with sides parallel to the coordinate axes, and KLMN is the rhombus of minimal area, circumscribed around S, with vertices on the coordinate axes. Also, A,B,C,D are the tangent points where the sides of the rhombus touch S, see illustration in the links section. - Gleb Koloskov, Jul 05 2021
LINKS
Gleb Koloskov, Geometric illustration
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Cotangent [From Eric W. Weisstein, Mar 03 2010]
FORMULA
EXAMPLE
0.860333589019379762483893424137662333411884363237653783...
MATHEMATICA
N[Minimize[{(x+Cot[x])^2 Sin[x], {x>0, x<Pi/2}}, x][[2]], 300][[1]][[2]] (* Gleb Koloskov, Jul 05 2021 *)
RealDigits[x/.FindRoot[x Tan[x]==1, {x, 1}, WorkingPrecision->120]][[1]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 04 2021 *)
PROG
(PARI) /* 300 significant digits */ s=0.1; for(n=1, 500, s=s+sign(cotan(s)-s)/2^n; if(n>499, print(s*1.)))
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
AUTHOR
Benoit Cloitre, May 01 2002
STATUS
approved