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A066674
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Least number m such that phi(m) = A000010(m) is divisible by the n-th prime.
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12
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3, 7, 11, 29, 23, 53, 103, 191, 47, 59, 311, 149, 83, 173, 283, 107, 709, 367, 269, 569, 293, 317, 167, 179, 389, 607, 619, 643, 1091, 227, 509, 263, 823, 557, 1193, 907, 1571, 653, 2339, 347, 359, 1087, 383, 773, 3547, 797, 2111, 2677, 5449, 2749, 467
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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All terms seem to be primes of the form a(n) = k*prime(n)+1 for some k.
It is immediate from the definitions that a(n) <= b(n) and a(n) <= c(n).
Bjorn Poonen (Jan 06 2013) makes the following observations:
1) A prime p divides phi(m) if and only if p^2 | m or p | q-1 for some prime q | m. Thus the smallest m for p is either p^2 or the smallest prime q = 1 (mod p). In other words, a(n) = min(b(n),p(n)^2).
2) In particular, the m in the definition of a(n) is at most p(n)^2, so phi(m)/p(n) < p(n), so p(n) is the largest prime dividing phi(m), and phi(m)/(2 p(n)) < p(n)/2 < p(n-1), so p(n-1) does not divide phi(m)/2.
Thus c(n) = a(n).
Further comments from Eric Bach, Jan 07 2013: (Start)
As others have pointed out, the possible equivalence of a(n) and b(n) is basically the question of how quickly the least prime q == 1 mod p grows, as a function of p. In particular, if q < p^2, the two sequences are the same.
Here are some remarks connected with this.
1. There are probabilistic arguments suggesting that q = O(p (log p)^2). See Heath-Brown (1978), Wagstaff (1979), Bach and Huelsbergen (1993). Using the sieve of Eratosthenes, I found no exceptions to q < p^2 below p = 1254767. So it seems likely that a(n) and b(n) are the same.
2. If ERH holds, then q = O(p log p)^2, see Heath-Brown (1990), (1992). Explicitly, on the same hypothesis, q < 2(p log p)^2, see Bach and Sorenson (1996).
3. By Linnik's theorem, q = O(p^c) for some c > 0. This is unconditional, but the best known value of c, equal to 5.18 -- see Xylouris (2011) -- is nowhere near 2. Heath-Brown (1992) mentions the conjecture (generalized to Linnik's theorem) that q <= p^2. If true, a(n) and b(n) are identical, since p^2 cannot be 1 mod p. (End)
Summary: A066674 and A125878 are the same, and A035095 is probably also the same, but this is an open question.
(End)
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REFERENCES
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E. Bach and J. Shallit, Algorithmic Number Theory, Vol. 1: Efficient Algorithms, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = min{m : phi(m) = 0 mod prime(n) = 0}.
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MATHEMATICA
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f[n_] := Block[{m = p = Prime@ n}, While[ Mod[ EulerPhi@ m, p] != 0, m += 2]; m]; f[1] = 3; Array[f, 60] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 27 2014 *)
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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