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Numbers k such that {largest m such that 1, 2, ..., m divide k} is different from {largest m such that m! divides k}; numbers k which are either odd multiples of 12 or the largest m such that (m-1)! divides k is a composite number > 5.
12

%I #69 May 08 2021 22:57:48

%S 12,36,60,84,108,120,132,156,180,204,228,240,252,276,300,324,348,360,

%T 372,396,420,444,468,480,492,516,540,564,588,600,612,636,660,684,708,

%U 732,756,780,804,828,840,852,876,900,924,948,960,972,996,1020,1044,1068

%N Numbers k such that {largest m such that 1, 2, ..., m divide k} is different from {largest m such that m! divides k}; numbers k which are either odd multiples of 12 or the largest m such that (m-1)! divides k is a composite number > 5.

%C From _Antti Karttunen_, Nov 20 - Dec 06 2013: (Start)

%C This sequence has several interpretations:

%C Numbers k such that A055874(k) differs from A055881(k). [_Leroy Quet_'s original definition of the sequence. Note that A055874(k) >= A055881(k) for all k.]

%C Numbers k such that {largest m such that m! divides k^2} is different from {largest m such that m! divides k}, i.e., numbers k for which A232098(k) > A055881(k).

%C Numbers k which are either 12 times an odd number (A073762) or the largest m such that (m-1)! divides k is a composite number > 5 (A232743).

%C Please see my attached notes for the proof of the equivalence of these interpretations.

%C Additional implications based on that proof:

%C A232099 is a subset of this sequence.

%C A055881(a(n))+1 is always composite. In the range n = 1..17712, only values 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10 occur.

%C The new definition can be also rephrased by saying that the sequence contains all the positive integers k whose factorial base representation of (A007623(k)) either ends as '...200' (in which case k is an odd multiple of 12, 12 = '200', 36 = '1200', 60 = '2200', ...) or the number of trailing zeros + 2 in that representation is a composite number greater than or equal to 6, e.g. 120 = '10000' (in other words, A055881(k) is one of the terms of A072668 after the initial 3). Together these conditions also imply that all the terms are divisible by 12.

%C (End)

%H Antti Karttunen, <a href="/A055926/b055926.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..17712</a>

%H Antti Karttunen, <a href="/A055926/a055926.txt">A proof for the equivalence of three alternative definitions of A055926</a>

%H Wikipedia, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilsons_theorem">Wilson's theorem</a> (See the section "Composite modulus")

%e 12 is included because 3! is the largest factorial to divide 12, but 1, 2, 3 and 4 all divide 12. Equally, 12 is included because it is one of the terms of A073762, or equally, because its factorial base representation ends with digits '...200': A007623(12) = 200.

%e 840 (= 3*5*7*8) is included because the largest factorial which divides 840 is 5! (840 = 7*120), but all positive integers up to 8 divide 840. Equally, 840 is included because it is one of the terms of A232743 as 5+1 = 6 is a composite number larger than 5. Note that A007623(840) = 110000.

%o (Scheme, with _Antti Karttunen_'s IntSeq-library)

%o (define A055926 (MATCHING-POS 1 1 (lambda (n) (not (= (A055874 n) (A055881 n)))))) ;; _Antti Karttunen_, Nov 18 2013

%o (define A055926 (MATCHING-POS 1 1 (lambda (n) (cond ((and (integer? (/ n 12)) (odd? (/ n 12)))) ((A055881 n) => (lambda (k) (and (> k 4) (not (prime? (+ k 1)))))))))) ;; _Antti Karttunen_, Dec 01 2013

%Y Union of A073762 and A232743. Equivalently, setwise difference of A232742 and A017593. Subset: A232099.

%Y Cf. A055874, A055881, A072668, A232098, A232100, A232741, A232744, A232745.

%K easy,nonn

%O 1,1

%A _Leroy Quet_, Jul 16 2000

%E More terms from _Antti Karttunen_, Dec 01 2013