OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Number of (s(0), s(1), ..., s(2n)) such that 0 < s(i) < 10 and |s(i) - s(i-1)| = 1 for i = 1,2,...,2n, s(0) = 3, s(2n) = 5.
With offset 0 = INVERT transform of A001792: (1, 3, 8, 20, 48, 112, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 26 2010
From Tom Copeland, Nov 09 2014: (Start)
The array belongs to a family of arrays associated to the Catalan A000108 (t=1), and Riordan, or Motzkin sums A005043 (t=0), with the o.g.f. (1-sqrt(1-4x/(1+(1-t)x)))/2 and inverse x*(1-x)/(1 + (t-1)*x*(1-x)). See A091867 for more info on this family. Here t = -4 (mod signs in the results).
Let C(x) = (1 - sqrt(1-4x))/2, an o.g.f. for the Catalan numbers A000108, with inverse Cinv(x) = x*(1-x) and P(x,t) = x/(1+t*x) with inverse P(x,-t).
O.g.f.: G(x) = x*(1-x)/(1 - 5x*(1-x)) = P(Cinv(x),-5).
Inverse O.g.f.: Ginv(x) = (1 - sqrt(1 - 4*x/(1+5x)))/2 = C(P(x,5)) (signed A026378). Cf. A030528. (End)
p-INVERT of (2^n), where p(s) = 1 - s - s^2; see A289780. - Clark Kimberling, Aug 10 2017
LINKS
Michel Marcus, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Wolfdieter Lang, On generalizations of Stirling number triangles, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 3 (2000), #00.2.4.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (5,-5).
FORMULA
G.f.: x*(1-x)/(1-5*x+5*x^2) = g1(3, x)/(1-g1(3, x)), g1(3, x) := x*(1-x)/(1-2*x)^2 (g.f. first column of A030523).
From Paul Barry, Apr 16 2004: (Start)
Binomial transform of Fibonacci(2n+2).
a(n) = (sqrt(5)/2 + 5/2)^n*(3*sqrt(5)/10 + 1/2) - (5/2 - sqrt(5)/2)^n*(3*sqrt(5)/10 - 1/2). (End)
a(n) = (1/5)*Sum_{r=1..9} sin(3*r*Pi/10)*sin(r*Pi/2)*(2*cos(r*Pi/10))^(2*n).
a(n) = 5*a(n-1) - 5*a(n-2).
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} Sum_{i=0..n} binomial(n, i)*binomial(k+i+1, 2k+1). - Paul Barry, Jun 22 2004
From Johannes W. Meijer, Jul 01 2010: (Start)
(End)
From Benito van der Zander, Nov 19 2015: (Start)
Limit_{k->oo} a(k+1)/a(k) = 1 + phi^2 = (5 + sqrt(5)) / 2.
a(n) = a(n-1) * 3 + A081567(n-2) (not proved).
(End)
E.g.f.: exp(x*5/2) * (cosh(x*sqrt(5)/2) + (3/sqrt(5))*sinh(x*sqrt(5)/2)). - Fabian Pereyra, Oct 29 2024
MATHEMATICA
CoefficientList[Series[(1 - x) / (1 - 5 x + 5 x^2), {x, 0, 40}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 10 2014 *)
PROG
(PARI) Vec(x*(1-x)/(1-5*x+5*x^2) + O(x^40)) \\ Altug Alkan, Nov 20 2015
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
easy,nonn
AUTHOR
STATUS
approved