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A028243
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a(n) = 3^(n-1) - 2^n + 1 (essentially Stirling numbers of second kind).
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32
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0, 0, 2, 12, 50, 180, 602, 1932, 6050, 18660, 57002, 173052, 523250, 1577940, 4750202, 14283372, 42915650, 128878020, 386896202, 1161212892, 3484687250, 10456158900, 31372671002, 94126401612, 282395982050, 847221500580, 2541731610602, 7625329049532
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OFFSET
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1,3
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COMMENTS
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For n >= 3, a(n) is equal to the number of functions f: {1,2,...,n-1} -> {1,2,3} such that Im(f) contains 2 fixed elements. - Aleksandar M. Janjic and Milan Janjic, Mar 08 2007
Let P(A) be the power set of an n-element set A. Then a(n+1) = the number of pairs of elements {x,y} of P(A) for which x and y are intersecting and for which either x is a proper subset of y or y is a proper subset of x. - Ross La Haye, Jan 02 2008
Let P(A) be the power set of an n-element set A and R be a relation on P(A) such that for all x, y of P(A), xRy if x is not a subset of y and y is not a subset of x and x and y are disjoint. Then a(n+1) = |R|. - Ross La Haye, Mar 19 2009
Let P(A) be the power set of an n-element set A and R be a relation on P(A) such that for all x, y of P(A), xRy if either 0) x is a proper subset of y or y is a proper subset of x, or 1) x is not a subset of y and y is not a subset of x and x and y are disjoint. Then a(n+2) = |R|. - Ross La Haye, Mar 19 2009
In the terdragon curve, a(n) is the number of triple-visited points in expansion level n. The first differences of this sequence (A056182) are the number of enclosed unit triangles since on segment expansion each unit triangle forms a new triple-visited point, and existing triple-visited points are unchanged. - Kevin Ryde, Oct 20 2020
a(n+1) is the number of ternary strings of length n that contain at least one 0 and one 1; for example, for n=3, a(4)=12 since the strings are the 3 permutations of 100, the 3 permutations of 110, and the 6 permutations of 210. - Enrique Navarrete, Aug 13 2021
a(n+1) is the number of topological configurations of n points and n lines where the points lie at the vertices of a convex cyclic n-gon and the lines are the perpendicular bisectors of its sides.
a(n+1) is the number of 2n-tuples composed of n 0's and n 1's which have an interlacing signature. The signature of a 2n-tuple (v_1,...,v_{2n}) is the n-tuple (s_1,...,s_n) defined by s_i=v_i+v_{i+n}. The signature is called interlacing if after deleting the 1's, there are letters remaining and the remaining 0's and 2's are alternating. (End)
a(n+1) is the number of pairs (A,B) where B is a nonempty subset of {1,2,...,n} and A is a nonempty proper subset of B. If either "nonempty" or "proper" is omitted then see A001047. If "nonempty" and "proper" are omitted then see A000244. - Manfred Boergens, Mar 28 2023
a(n) is the number of (n-1) X (n-1) nilpotent Boolean relation matrices with rank equal to 1. a(n) = A060867(n-1) - A005061(n-1) (since every rank 1 matrix is either idempotent or nilpotent). - Geoffrey Critzer, Jul 13 2023
For odd n > 3, a(n) is also the number of minimum vertex colorings in the (n-1)-prism graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Mar 05 2024
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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G.f.: -2*x^3/(-1+x)/(-1+3*x)/(-1+2*x) = -1/3 - (1/3)/(-1+3*x) + 1/(-1+2*x) - 1/(-1+x). - R. J. Mathar, Nov 22 2007
E.g.f.: (exp(3*x) - 3*exp(2*x) + 3*exp(x) - 1)/3, with a(0) = 0. - Wolfdieter Lang, May 03 2017
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MATHEMATICA
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Table[2 StirlingS2[n, 3], {n, 24}] (* or *)
Table[3^(n - 1) - 2*2^(n - 1) + 1, {n, 24}] (* or *)
Rest@ CoefficientList[Series[-2 x^3/(-1 + x)/(-1 + 3 x)/(-1 + 2 x), {x, 0, 24}], x] (* Michael De Vlieger, Sep 24 2016 *)
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PROG
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(Sage) [stirling_number2(i, 3)*2 for i in range(1, 30)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 26 2008
(Magma) [3^(n-1) - 2*2^(n-1) + 1: n in [1..30]]; // G. C. Greubel, Nov 19 2017
(PARI) for(n=1, 30, print1(3^(n-1) - 2*2^(n-1) + 1, ", ")) \\ G. C. Greubel, Nov 19 2017
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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