|
|
A002586
|
|
Smallest prime factor of 2^n + 1.
(Formerly M2385 N0947)
|
|
14
|
|
|
3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 257, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 65537, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 97, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 641, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 257, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 193, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 257, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 274177, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 97, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3, 65537, 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
|
|
|
OFFSET
|
1,1
|
|
COMMENTS
|
Conjecture: a(8+48*k) = 257 and a(40+48*k) = 257, where k is a nonnegative integer. - Thomas König, Feb 15 2017
Conjecture is true: 257 divides 2^(8+48*k)+1 and 2^(40+48*k)+1 but no prime < 257 ever does. Similarly, a(24+48*k) = 97. - Robert Israel, Feb 17 2017
If a(n) = p, there is some m such that a(n+m*j*n) = p for all j.
In particular, every member of the sequence occurs infinitely often.
a(k*n) <= a(n) for any odd k. (End)
|
|
REFERENCES
|
J. Brillhart et al., Factorizations of b^n +- 1. Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 22, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2nd edition, 1985; and later supplements.
M. Kraitchik, Recherches sur la Théorie des Nombres, Gauthiers-Villars, Paris, Vol. 1, 1924, Vol. 2, 1929, see Vol. 2, p. 85.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
|
|
LINKS
|
J. Brillhart et al., Factorizations of b^n +- 1, Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 22, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 3rd edition, 2002.
|
|
FORMULA
|
a(n) = 3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3 for n == 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (mod 8). (Proof. Let n = k*odd with k = 1, 2, or 4. As 2^k = 2, 4, 16 == -1 (mod 3, 5, 17), we get 2^n + 1 = 2^(k*odd) + 1 = (2^k)^odd + 1 == (-1)^odd + 1 == 0 (mod 3, 5, 17). Finally, 2^n + 1 !== 0 (mod p) for prime p < 3, 5, 17, respectively.) - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 28 2012
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
a(2^k) = 3, 5, 17, 257, 65537 is the k-th Fermat prime 2^(2^k) + 1 = A019434(k) for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 28 2012
|
|
MATHEMATICA
|
f[n_] := FactorInteger[2^n + 1][[1, 1]]; Array[f, 100] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Nov 28 2012 *)
|
|
PROG
|
(PARI) a(n) = my(m=n%8); if(m, [3, 5, 3, 17, 3, 5, 3][m], factor(2^n+1)[1, 1]); \\ Ruud H.G. van Tol, Feb 16 2024
|
|
CROSSREFS
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
nonn,nice
|
|
AUTHOR
|
|
|
EXTENSIONS
|
|
|
STATUS
|
approved
|
|
|
|