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A002193
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Decimal expansion of square root of 2.
(Formerly M3195 N1291)
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162
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1, 4, 1, 4, 2, 1, 3, 5, 6, 2, 3, 7, 3, 0, 9, 5, 0, 4, 8, 8, 0, 1, 6, 8, 8, 7, 2, 4, 2, 0, 9, 6, 9, 8, 0, 7, 8, 5, 6, 9, 6, 7, 1, 8, 7, 5, 3, 7, 6, 9, 4, 8, 0, 7, 3, 1, 7, 6, 6, 7, 9, 7, 3, 7, 9, 9, 0, 7, 3, 2, 4, 7, 8, 4, 6, 2, 1, 0, 7, 0, 3, 8, 8, 5, 0, 3, 8, 7, 5, 3, 4, 3, 2, 7, 6, 4, 1, 5, 7
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OFFSET
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1,2
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COMMENTS
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Sometimes called Pythagoras's constant.
Its continued fraction expansion is [1; 2, 2, 2, ...] (see A040000). [Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Mar 10 2012]
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REFERENCES
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S. R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, Section 1.1.
D. Flannery, The Square Root of 2, Copernicus Books Springer-Praxis Pub. 2006.
M. Gardner, Gardner's Workout, Chapter 2 "The Square Root of 2=1.414213562373095..." pp. 9-19 A. K. Peters MA 2002.
M. F. Jones, 22900D approximations to the square roots of the primes less than 100, Math. Comp., 22 (1968), 234-235.
M. Ripa and G. Morelli, Retro-analytical Reasoning IQ tests for the High Range, 2013, http://www.iqsociety.org/general/documents/Retro_analytical_Reasoning_IQ_tests_for_the_High_Range.pdf.
B. Rittaud, Le fabuleux destin de sqrt(2), Le Pommier, Paris 2006.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
Uhler, Horace S.; Many-figures approximations to sqrt{2} and distribution of digits in sqrt{2} and 1/sqrt{2}. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 37, (1951). 63-67.
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LINKS
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Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..20000
D. & J. Ensley, Review of "The Square Root of 2" by D. Flannery
I. Khavkine, PlanetMath.org, square root of 2 is irrational
Jason Kimberley, Index of expansions of sqrt(d) in base b
R. Nemiroff and J. Bonnell, The Square Root of Two to 1 Million Digits
R. Nemiroff and J. Bonnell, The Square Root of Two to 5 million digits
R. Nemiroff and J. Bonnell, The first 10 million digits of the square root of 2
_Simon Plouffe_, Plouffe's Inverter, The square root of 2 to 10 million digits
_Simon Plouffe_, Generalized expansion of real constants
C. P. Simoes, Mental performance test, part I item 13.
H. S. Uhler, Many-Figure Approximations To Sqrt(2), And Distribution Of Digits In Sqrt(2) And 1/Sqrt(2)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Pythagoras's Constant
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Square Root
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FORMULA
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Sqrt(2) = 14 * sum_{n=0...infinity} (A001790(n)/2^A005187(floor(n/2)) * 10^(-2n-1)) where A001790(n) are numerators in expansion of 1/sqrt(1-x) and the denominators in expansion of 1/sqrt(1-x) are 2^A005187(n). 14 = 2*7, see A010503 (expansion of 1/sqrt(2)). - Gerald McGarvey, Jan 01 2005
Limit(n-->+oo) of (1/n)*(sum(k=1, n, frac(sqrt(1+zeta(k+1))))) = 1/(1+sqrt(2)) - Yalcin Aktar, Jul 14 2005
sqrt(2)=2+n*A167199(n-1)/A167199(n) as n-->infinity (conjecture). [From Mats Granvik, Oct 30 2009]
sqrt(2) = limit as n goes to infinity of A179807(n+1)/A179807(n)-1.
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EXAMPLE
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1.41421356237309504880168872420969807856967187537694807317667...
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MATHEMATICA
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RealDigits[N[2^(1/2), 6! ]] [From Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Dec 25 2008]
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PROG
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(PARI) { default(realprecision, 20080); x=sqrt(2); for (n=1, 20000, d=floor(x); x=(x-d)*10; write("b002193.txt", n, " ", d)); } [From Harry J. Smith, Apr 21 2009]
Contribution from Michael B. Porter, Oct 20 2009: (Start)
(PARI) r=0; x=2; /* Digit-by-digit method */
for(digits=1, 100, {d=0; while((20*r+d)*d <= x, d++);
d--; /* while loop overshoots correct digit */
print(d); x=100*(x-(20*r+d)*d); r=10*r+d}) (End)
(Maxima) fpprec: 100$ ev(bfloat(sqrt(2))); [Martin Ettl, Oct 17 2012]
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A020807, A010503, A001790, A005187.
Sequence in context: A077088 A156896 * A020807 A188582 A055190 A155781
Adjacent sequences: A002190 A002191 A002192 * A002194 A002195 A002196
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KEYWORD
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nonn,cons
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AUTHOR
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N. J. A. Sloane.
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EXTENSIONS
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Fixed my PARI program, had -n Harry J. Smith, May 19 2009
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STATUS
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approved
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