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A001501
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Number of n X n 0-1 matrices with all column and row sums equal to 3.
(Formerly M5175 N2247)
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15
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1, 0, 0, 1, 24, 2040, 297200, 68938800, 24046189440, 12025780892160, 8302816499443200, 7673688777463632000, 9254768770160124288000, 14255616537578735986867200, 27537152449960680597739468800, 65662040698002721810659005184000
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OFFSET
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0,5
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COMMENTS
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Also, for n >= 3, number of bicubical graphs on 2n labeled nodes of two colors [Read, 1958, 1971] - N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 08 2014
Also number of ways to arrange 3n rooks on an n X n chessboard, with no more than 3 rooks in each row and column (no 4 in a line). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 03 2013
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REFERENCES
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L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 236, P(n,3).
R. C. Read, Some Enumeration Problems in Graph Theory. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Mathematics, Univ. London, 1958.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
R. P. Stanley, Enumerative Combinatorics, Wadsworth, Vol. 1, 1986; see Example 1.1.3, page 2, f(n).
M. L. Stein and P. R. Stein, Enumeration of Stochastic Matrices with Integer Elements. Report LA-4434, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory of the University of California, Los Alamos, NM, Jun 1970.
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LINKS
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T. D. Noe and Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..185 (first 51 terms from T. D. Noe)
R. C. Read, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 04 1971 (gives initial terms of this sequence)
M. L. Stein and P. R. Stein, Enumeration of Stochastic Matrices with Integer Elements, Report LA-4434, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory of the University of California, Los Alamos, NM, Jun 1970. [Annotated scanned copy]
Bo-Ying Wang, Fuzhen Zhang, On the precise number of (0,1)-matrices in A(R,S), Discrete Math. 187 (1998), no. 1-3, 211--220. MR1630720 (99f:05010). - From N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 07 2012
Index entries for sequences related to binary matrices
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FORMULA
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a(n) = n!^2/6^n * Sum_{a=0..n} Sum_{b=0..n-a} (-1)^b * 2^a * 3^b * (3*n-3*a-2*b)! / (a! * b! * (n-a-b)!^2 * 6^(n-a-b)). - Shanzhen Gao, Feb 19 2010
D-finite with recurrence: 12*(3*n-5)*a(n) = 9*n*(3*n^2-5*n+4)*(n-1)*a(n-1) + 3*(n-2)*n*(3*n+1)*(n-1)^2*a(n-2) + (n-2)^2*n*(9*n^2-30*n+13)*(n-1)^2*a(n-3) - (n-3)^2*(n-2)^2*n*(3*n-2)*(n-1)^2*a(n-4). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 03 2013
a(n) ~ sqrt(6*Pi) * (3/4)^n * n^(3*n+1/2) / exp(3*n+2). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 03 2013
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EXAMPLE
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G.f. = 1 + x^3 + 24*x^4 + 2040*x^5 + 297200*x^6 + 68938800*x^7 + ...
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MAPLE
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a:= n-> n!^2/6^n *add(add((-1)^b *2^a *3^b *(3*n-3*a-2*b)!/
(a! *b! *(n-a-b)!^2 *6^(n-a-b)), b=0..n-a), a=0..n):
seq(a(n), n=0..20); # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 20 2011
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<4, (n-1)*(n-2)/2,
n*(n-1)*(9*(3*n^2-5*n+4)*a(n-1)+(3*n-6)*(3*n+1)*
(n-1)*a(n-2)+(9*n^2-30*n+13)*(n-1)*(n-2)^2*a(n-3)
-(3*n-2)*(n-1)*(n-2)^2*(n-3)^2*a(n-4))/(36*n-60))
end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20); # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 13 2017
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MATHEMATICA
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Table[6^(-n) Total[Map[(-1)^#[[2]] n!^2 (#[[2]] + 3 #[[3]])! 2^#[[1]] 3^#[[2]]/(#[[1]]! #[[2]]! #[[3]]!^2 6^#[[3]]) &, Compositions[n, 3]]], {n, 0, 20}] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 19 2011 *)
a[n_] := n!^2*Sum[2^(2k-n)*3^(k-n)*(3(n-k))!*HypergeometricPFQ[{k-n, k-n}, {3(k-n)/2, 1/2 + 3(k-n)/2}, -9/2]/(k! (n-k )!^2), {k, 0, n}]/6^n;
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 07 2018 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) {a(n) = local(k); if( n<0, 0, n!^2 * sum(j=0, n, sum(i=0, n-j, if(1, k=n-i-j; (j + 3*k)! / (3^i * 36^k * i! * k!^2))) / (j! * (-2)^j)))}; /* Michael Somos, May 28 2002 */
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A001499. Column 3 of A008300. Row sums of A284990.
Sequence in context: A327197 A194472 A246602 * A054005 A107675 A173115
Adjacent sequences: A001498 A001499 A001500 * A001502 A001503 A001504
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KEYWORD
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nonn,nice
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AUTHOR
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N. J. A. Sloane
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EXTENSIONS
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Additional comments from Michael Somos, May 28 2002
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STATUS
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approved
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